By Efosa Taiwo

Across Africa, the search for clean, affordable, and locally sourced energy solutions has become more urgent than ever. In Mozambique, renewable energy researcher Fana Gebremichael is responding to this challenge by transforming coconut husk waste—often discarded as refuse—into an innovative catalyst for biodiesel production. Her work not only advances clean energy development but also contributes to waste reduction, job creation, and greater energy independence for local communities.

Fana’s groundbreaking research has earned continental recognition. She was recently named one of 30 recipients of the 2025 L’Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science Young Talents Sub-Saharan Africa Award, which celebrates exceptional young scientists whose work is driving scientific progress and social impact across the region. The announcement was made in Johannesburg, South Africa, on 11 December, placing her among a select group of finalists recognised for their contributions to science and sustainable development.

In this interview with Efosa, Fana speaks about her research journey, her path into renewable energy, the challenges she has faced as a woman in STEM, and her vision for a cleaner and more sustainable energy future for Africa.

I’ve read about your work, and I understand that it transforms coconut husk waste into a catalyst for producing biodiesel. Can you explain how this process works and what makes it different from conventional biodiesel production methods?

Thank you so much. First of all, I want to introduce my background so everything will be clear. I am a renewable energy researcher focusing on sustainable biofuel production. My research is about turning coconut husks, which are usually thrown away, into a useful material called a catalyst. This catalyst helps to produce biodiesel, which is a clean and renewable energy, from coconut oil.

I also work on the purification of glycerol. Glycerol is the main by-product of biodiesel production, and it can be used in various industrial applications such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food, and chemicals.

Simply put, I turn locally available and cheap materials into usable catalysts and chemicals to protect the environment and reduce fuel costs. Conventional biodiesel production uses homogeneous catalysts such as acids or bases, which cannot be separated after production. My approach is different because it uses a heterogeneous catalyst derived from coconut husk ash, which can be easily separated at the end of the biodiesel production process. I am also using local waste materials, which increases biodiesel yield and makes the process more sustainable.

Your project focuses on turning coconut waste into clean fuel with zero waste. What impact do you think this could have on Mozambique’s energy landscape and sub-Saharan Africa at large?

Thank you so much. My research supports the Mozambican economy and African development by promoting energy independence, job creation, and environmental protection. By using locally available and cheap materials to produce sustainable biofuel, communities can reduce reliance on imported fossil fuels such as oil, gas, and coal. This also allows for the creation of small-scale industries that contribute to economic growth.

I read that you became fascinated with renewable energy during your chemical engineering studies. What sparked this passion, and how has it shaped your long-term vision for clean energy solutions in Africa?

I was inspired by macroscopic happenings and my desire to solve real-world problems. Growing up, I saw energy challenges in my community, and this motivated me to study chemical engineering and renewable energy so I could contribute practical solutions to my community and beyond.

As a woman in science and leadership, you’ve spoken about the importance of resilience in STEM. What personal challenges have you faced, and how have mentors helped you along the way? 

As a woman researcher, I have faced many challenges. One of them is balancing cultural norms and professional responsibilities. Women are often considered dependent, and that mindset creates challenges.

Another challenge is limited access to well-equipped laboratories and fewer mentorship opportunities. At times, I also had to prove my capabilities more than others. However, these challenges strengthened my resilience and gave me the determination to succeed.

Being recognized with the Young Talents Award is a major milestone. What does this award mean to you personally and professionally?

This award confirms that my decision to devote time and energy to my research was right. It feels like a dream come true. The program plays a critical role by supporting women in science through research funding, mentorship, and visibility. It builds confidence and networking opportunities, helping women grow and lead impactful research that benefits society. I am very excited and happy to be one of the Sub-Saharan African Young Talents Award laureates, and I am thankful to the organizers.

Looking ahead, what is your vision for clean and accessible energy in Africa?

My future plan is to turn this research into large-scale biofuel production so I can help the continent and beyond. I also want to collaborate with African industries, institutions, and universities, connecting scientific innovation with practical applications. My dream is to develop environmentally friendly, sustainable, and affordable energy solutions for rural Africa.

Finally, what would you say to young girls who want to become women scientists like you?

My advice is to believe in yourself, work hard, and never be afraid to ask questions, because science needs your voice, your ideas, and your leadership. There is always a solution to any problem, and there is always an answer to any question.