By Moses Nosike

Zainab Adenekan, a researcher with a strong interest in virology and immune system dynamics, shares her passion in this interview for applying scientific innovation to improve public health outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings like Nigeria. Excerpts:

How do you assess the healthcare industry in Nigeria in 2024, and what are your expectations for 2025?

In 2024, the healthcare industry in Nigeria is dynamic but faces several challenges. There is increased awareness of public health issues, more private sector engagement, and greater technological adoption, especially in digital health. However, systemic issues such as infrastructure gaps, limited access in rural areas, and shortages of healthcare workers persist. By 2025, I expect to see more strategic partnerships between researchers, startups, and government agencies, particularly in preventative healthcare, diagnostics, and vaccine development. Additionally, I foresee stronger policy discussions around funding healthcare research locally.

The medical industry in Nigeria has many medical practitioners. Tell us about your specialty and what sets you apart…

My specialty is in virology and immune system dynamics. What sets me apart is my focus on translational research that turns scientific insights into practical solutions for real-world challenges. I don’t just study viruses for academic interest; I explore how they interact with the immune system and how this knowledge can be used to develop better diagnostic tools, vaccines, and therapeutic interventions, especially for diseases that disproportionately affect African populations.

With roots in Lagos and academic pursuits in the United States, what has your experience been like considering the learning differences between both environments?

It has been eye-opening. In Nigeria, I often had to work with limited resources and access to modern lab equipment, which trained me to be resourceful. In the U.S., I’ve experienced more structured mentorship, hands-on research, and a stronger emphasis on collaboration and interdisciplinary learning. Both systems have shaped me uniquely; I bring the resilience and adaptability from Nigeria and blend it with the technical depth and research exposure from the U.S.

Based on your knowledge as a researcher, how has your strong interest in virology and immune system dynamics benefited the health sector in Nigeria?

One area where my work has had a significant impact is in promoting a better understanding of immune responses in local populations. This is crucial because vaccine and drug effectiveness can vary based on genetic and environmental factors. I have collaborated with Nigerian institutions to share insights on viral pathogenesis and advocate for better local research funding. Additionally, I have mentored students back home to help bridge the gap between lab research and community health awareness.

How are researchers in Nigeria responding to the emerging complexities of smart diseases?

Researchers in Nigeria are rising to the challenge, although limited funding remains a significant constraint. There is growing interest in bioinformatics, genomic surveillance, and artificial intelligence for disease modelling. I know of colleagues in Nigeria who are working on smart disease detection platforms and rapid diagnostic kits. What is needed now is better cross-sector collaboration to take these innovations from the lab to large-scale deployment.

How can the Nigerian government and other stakeholders leverage innovative solutions provided by researchers like you to tackle these diseases?

First, there must be a stronger investment in research infrastructure. Secondly, the government should create incentives for public-private partnerships that fund early-stage scientific innovation. They can also build national research databases and support science communication to enhance public trust and understanding of these innovations. Finally, including researchers in policymaking bodies will help ensure that science drives health policy decisions.

What have been your greatest challenges in the healthcare business in Nigeria, and what are possible solutions?

One of the biggest challenges is navigating bureaucratic processes that delay innovation. Additionally, inconsistent policies make it difficult to scale up. Access to funding and a skilled workforce can also be limiting factors. Possible solutions include simplifying health business registration processes, providing grants or tax breaks for health innovations, and investing in technical training programs for young professionals.

What plans are being put in place to create more opportunities for talent development in Nigeria and West Africa?

Through mentorship and virtual workshops, I’ve been collaborating with Nigerian institutions to foster skill development and bridge the gap between research and practical application, aiming to create a more robust pipeline of talent in the healthcare sector.