By Ayobami Okerinde

African Countries particularly Nigeria have embraced the green shipping revolution as essential to remaining competitive in global trade while preserving marine ecosystems.

Green shipping refers to the adoption of environmentally friendly technologies, alternative fuels, and regulatory frameworks to minimize pollution, enhance energy efficiency, and lower the carbon footprint of maritime operations.

The maritime industry accounts for roughly 3% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, making it a major contributor to climate change. With rising pressure from international organisations such as the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), the United Nations (UN), and the European Union (EU), the global shipping sector is shifting towards greener and more sustainable alternatives.

Several global organisations are spearheading the campaign for a sustainable maritime industry. The IMO has set lofty goals for its IMO 2050 Strategy, intending to cut the carbon intensity of international shipping by at least 40% by 2030 and reach net-zero emissions by 2050. The IMO has also implemented regulations such as the MARPOL Annex VI, which limits sulphur emissions from ships, the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), which promote the use of fuel-efficient vessels, and the IMO’s Green Voyage 2050, which assists developing countries in adopting green shipping technologies.

The European Union (EU) implemented the fit for 55 packages, which incorporate maritime emissions into the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and encourage the use of low-carbon fuels.

The United Nations (UN) and the World Bank are actively sponsoring research and projects for zero-emission shipping, including investments in hydrogen, ammonia, and biofuels as long-term alternatives to traditional fossil fuels.

The idea of green shipping technologies is being promoted by industrialised countries and international organisations such as the IMO, UN, and EU to reduce greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere.They assist the industry in creating new green shipping technology like as liquefied natural gas (LNG),green hydrogen, ammonia, and biofuels. Energy-efficient ship designs include air lubrication systems, wind-assisted propulsion, and optimised hull shapes.Shore Power (Cold Ironing): Ships connect to onshore electricity rather than burning fuel when in port. Carbon absorb and Storage (CCS) methods absorb CO₂ emissions before they reach the atmosphere.
Despite the global push, Africa has enormous hurdles in implementing green shipping.

Addressing, the obstacles African countries face in green shipping at the Nigerian Maritime Pilots Association Award (2024), maritime expert, Tairat Titiloye revealed that most African ports lack the requisite infrastructure for LNG bunkering, shore power generation, and alternate fuel storage. Transitioning to green technologies necessitates significant investments, which many African countries will struggle with. A dearth of competent workers in green maritime technology exists as a result of brain drain across the continent, particularly in Nigeria. Many African countries, including Nigeria, lack robust policies and incentives to encourage green shipping adoption.

Titiloye outlined key measures Nigeria can adopt to bridge the gap, including, strengthening regulations and procedures to ensure that the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) aligns its national policies with the IMO’s sustainability objectives. Implement carbon pricing and incentives for enterprises that adopt green technologies.

She suggested creating a Green Shipping Master Plan to move the industry to sustainable methods. Invest in Green Port Infrastructure by installing shore power stations and LNG bunkering facilities at major ports such as Lagos, Onne, and Port Harcourt.

“Create Green Maritime Economic Zones to encourage investment in renewable-energy-powered shipping. To get money for green shipping initiatives, promote public-private partnerships (PPPs) by collaborating with international organisations such as the World Bank, IMO, and African Development Bank (AfDB). Encourage shipping businesses in Nigeria to invest in energy-efficient boats. Establish marine training facilities specialising in green technologies to increase capacity and skill development. The government should provide incentives for local enterprises to invest in research and development of alternative fuels” she added.

She emphasised that green shipping is no longer an option, but rather a requirement for the future of marine trade. While Africa, particularly Nigeria, confronts tremendous hurdles, proactive legislation, investments in green infrastructure, and partnership with international organisations might help speed up development. By embracing sustainable shipping, Nigeria can increase its maritime competitiveness, attract foreign investment, and contribute to global climate change mitigation efforts.

“The move to green shipping necessitates commitment, innovation, and collaboration; yet, with the appropriate tactics, Nigeria may position itself as a leader in sustainable maritime enterprise in Africa” She concluded.

Tairat Abiola Titiloye is a professional in the Nigerian maritime industry with over a decade of experience working and winning contracts and awards for her organisation. She has a Bachelor’s degree in Accounting from Lagos State University and a Master’s degree in International Business from the University of Hertfordshire in the United Kingdom. She has a penchant for problem-solving and conflict resolution for her organisation, which is a major shipping agency in Nigeria.